Gustavo Bueno Martínez (September 1, 1924 - August 7, 2016) is a Spanish philosopher.

Gustavo Bueno is the main proponent of the philosophical system known as philosophical materialism. Philosophical materialism excludes any possibility of spiritual life without reference to organic life. Its ontology and theories of knowledge are not based on mechanic materialism or dualistic historical materialism, but on the reality of current sciences and on a rich interpretation of the main systems defended by the different traditions available in the History of Philosophy.

The founder of academic (scholar) philosophy, Plato, defended in Sophist the principle of Symploké that Bueno uses to support both determinism and pluralism: "nothing is isolated from everything else, but not everything is connected to everything else; otherwise, nothing could be known.". Thus, Bueno opposes both monism and skepticism. Some of Bueno's works have been translated into English, German and Chinese.