Friedrich Eugen, Duke of Württemberg (Stuttgart – Hohenheim), the fourth son of Duke Karl Alexander, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Maria Augusta of Thurn and Taxis (11 August 1706 – 1 February 1756)

Frederick Eugene married Friederike Sophia Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt, a niece of Frederick the Great, by whom he had twelve children:

1. Frederick I (6 November 1754 – 30 October 1816), his successor, who would later become the first King of Württemberg;
2. Louis Frederick Alexander (30 August 1756 – 20 September 1817);
3. Eugene Frederick Henry (21 November 1758 – 20 June 1822);
4. Sophie Marie Dorothea (25 October 1759 – 5 November 1828), married to Paul I, Emperor of Russia;
5. William Frederick Philip (27 December 1761 – 10 August 1830); father of Wilhelm, 1st Duke of Urach;
6. Ferdinand Frederick Augustus (22 October 1763 – 20 January 1834), married Princess Kunigunde von Metternich, sister of Klemens Wenzel, Prince von Metternich;
7. Friederike Elisabeth Amalie (27 July 1765 – 24 November 1785), married to Peter, Duke of Oldenburg;
8. Elisabeth Wilhelmine Luise (21 April 1767 – 18 February 1790), married to Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor;
9. Friederike Wilhelmine Katharina (3 June 1768 – 22 October 1768);
10. Charles Frederick Henry (3 May 1770 – 22 August 1791);
11. Alexander Frederick Charles (24 April 1771 – 4 July 1833), the founder of the fifth branch of Württemberg, to which today's head of the House, Duke Carl Maria of Württemberg, belongs;
12. Charles Henry (3 July 1772 – 28 July 1833), married under the name "Count von Sontheim" in 1798 Christianne-Caroline Alexeï (1779–1853), who was created Baroness von Hochberg und Rottenburg in 1807 and was raised, along with her children, to the rank and title of Countess von Urach on 12 November 1825. Of their five daughters three died young, while Countess Marie von Urach (1802–1882) wed Karl, Prince of Hohenlohe-Kirchberg in 1821 and Countess Alexandrine von Urach (1803–1884) married Charles, Count Arpeau de Gallatin in 1825, from whom she was divorced in 1843.